黑河实验(HEIFE)──对干旱地区陆面过程的一些新认识

SOME NEW UNDERSTANDINGS OF PROCESSES AT THE LAND SURFACE IN ARID AREA FROM THE HEIFE

中文关键词:  干旱地区  地表热量平衡  陆面过程参数化  冷岛效应  逆湿现象

英文关键词:Arid area  Energy budget on surface  Parameterization of land-surface processis  Cold island effect  Inverse humidity

中文摘要:

      综合介绍“黑河地区地气相互作用野外观测实验研究(HEIFE)”的概况。系统分析干旱地区陆面过程的一些基本问题,它们是;(1)干旱地区地表面热量平衡的基本特征;干旱地区蒸发量很小,地表热量平衡中以感热为主。潜热可以忽略不计。(2)干旱地区陆面过程参数化问题;干旱地区能量和物质湍流输送的参数化必须考虑层结影响,否则将造成严重误差。(3)干旱地区一种特殊现象──绿洲与沙漠环境的相互作用;绿洲的“冷岛效应”和临近绿洲沙漠或戈壁的“逆湿现象”是这种相互作用的结果。这些研究结果将加深我们对干旱地区陆面过程的认识。

英文摘要:

      The survey for the HEIFE (Atmosphere-Land Surface Processes Experiment at Heihe River Basin. Western China) is given in this paper. Some}basic subjects for land-surface processes in arid area are studied. They are: (i) The general characteristics about the energy budget on ground suface in arid area are analysed. The results show that the sensible heat flux on the surface energy budget is in majority. the latent heat flux may be neglected. (ii) The parameterizations of the land surface processes are studied. The influence of atmospheric stratification stability on the turbulent transfer of energy and matter must be considered in parameterizations of land surface processes in arid area. (iii) The interaction, which is a special phenomenon in arid area. between oasis and its desert circumstance is studied. The "coldisland effect" phenomenon in oasis and the "inverse humidity" phenomenon in desert near oasis are a result of the interaction between them. The results should improve the understanding of processes at the land surface in arid area.