冰碰冻增长的实验研究

EXPERIMENTS IN ICE GROWTH BY ACCRETION

中文摘要:

      冰质粒碰冻过冷却水滴而增长是自然雹块增长的主要机制,研究碰冻增长的条件与所形成的冰的微物理特征的关系有助于了解自然雹块增长的微物理过程。本文首先介绍了用于研究碰冻冰增长的实验设备设计、实验参数的控制和测量以及实验方法,然后讨论了碰冻冰微物理参数(诸如,冰密度、冰生长率、冰中气泡结构和晶体结构,以及平均捕获效率等)与生长条件之间的关系,这为利用自然雹块微物理结构研究其生长情况提供了很有用的资料。

英文摘要:

      The growth of ice particles by accretion of supercooled water droplets is the fundamental growth mechanism of natural hailstone. The relation between the growth conditions of accreted ice and its microphysical characteristics is studied to understand the microphysical processes of natural hailstone growth. Here, the design of equipment for experiments in accreted ice growth, the control and the measurement of the growth envirnmental parameters, and the results of these experiments are presented. Also, the relation between the microstructural parameters of accreted ice and their growth conditions is analyzed. Thus, the growth conditions of two natural hailstones from a hailstorm in Zhaosu, Xinjiang, in July, 1982, are analyzed by using the results presented in this paper.