热带大气垂直环流对海表温度异常的响应——一个初步的理论分析

THE RESPONSE OF THE VERTICAL CIRCULATIONS IN THE ATMOSPHERE TO THE ANOMALY OF SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE IN TROPICAL OCEANS——A preliminary theoretical analysis

中文摘要:

      本文提出了一个β平面定常的线性二维模式,并考虑了海面边界层和赤道侧向边界层,讨论了热带海表温度异常对大气所产生的垂直环流——经向环流和纬向环流。结果表明:热带大洋东部(例如太平洋)海表温度比平均状态暖而西部较冷时,其上空经向环流(Hadley环流)比平均状态强,而纬向环流(如在太平洋上,称Walker环流)弱。相反,当热带大洋西部暖而东部冷时,经向环流减弱,纬向环流加强。这些是与观测事实比较一致的。

英文摘要:

      A theoretical study is made of the response of the vertical circulations in the atmosphere to the sea surface temperature in tropical oceans,with a linear steady two-dimensional model. In this model the boundary layer over the well-miring layer of the tropical ocean and the equatorial lateral boundary layer are considered. The results show that when the anomaly of SST in the eastern part of the ocean is warmer than that of in the western, the meridional circulation in the atmosphere (Hadley cell) would be strengthened and zonal circulation (Walker cell, in Pacific) would be weakened; when the anomaly of SST in the western is warmer than that in the eastern, the zonal circulation would be strengthened and the meridional circulation would be weakened. These agree with the observational data.