南京地区太阳能屋顶缓解夏季高温的模拟研究

Simulation studies for the mitigation of summer urban heat island by rooftop solar photovoltaic deployment in Nanjing area

中文关键词:  太阳能屋顶  WRF模式  南京  夏季高温

英文关键词:Rooftop solar photovoltaic  WRF model  Nanjing  Summer high temperature

中文摘要:

      太阳能屋顶的安装预计能在一定程度上缓解城市化带来的能源危机及对城市热环境的破坏。利用耦合了城市单层冠层方案（UCM）的WRF模式，以南京2010年7月27日至8月5日夏季晴天微风天气为背景，模拟了不同发电效率的太阳能屋顶的安装对城市高温的缓解效应。结果表明：（1）太阳能屋顶可以通过削弱到达城市表面的太阳辐射使城市2 m高气温降低，随着发电效率的提高，降温效果更明显，且白天降温效果明显优于夜间；白天2 m高气温最大降低0.4-1.3℃，夜间降低0.2-0.5℃。（2）太阳能屋顶可使边界层内气温降低，白天在边界层400 m以下降温显著，夜间在边界层高度200 m以下降温显著；白天边界层内最大降温出现在中午前后，降温0.1-0.8℃，夜间边界层内最大降温0.5℃。（3）发电效率为40%时，模拟期间的发电量为18.1×10⁹ kW·h。

英文摘要:

      The installation of rooftop solar photovoltaic is expected to relieve the energy crisis and urban thermal damage caused by urbanization to some extent. The non-hydrostatic version of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model coupled with the single layer urban canopy model (UCM) is utilized to simulate the mitigating effect of rooftop solar photovoltaic with various power efficiencies under sunny and breezy weather condition from 27 July to 5 August 2010. The results indicate that:(1) the installation of rooftop solar photovoltaic can reduce the amount of energy needed to import into the city since it can generate energy for local use. This leads to cooling in the urban area since the energy generated by the solar panels can be used locally, which would otherwise heat the urban surface and radiate energy into the atmosphere. The cooling effect becomes more significant with increasing solar panel efficiency, and the daytime cooling effect is stronger than that in the nighttime. The maximum 2 m air temperature can be decreased by 0.4-1.3 and 0.2-0.5℃ in the daytime and nighttime, respectively; (2) the installation of rooftop solar photovoltaic can reduce the planetary boundary layer (PBL) temperature, and the cooling effect is significant below 400 and 200 m in the daytime and nighttime, respectively. The maximum decrease in the PBL temperature during the daytime occurs around noon, and the decreases can be up to 0.1-0.8 and 0.1-0.5℃ in the daytime and nighttime, respectively; (3) the power generation capacity is 18.1×10⁹ kW·h within 9 d with the power generation efficiency of 40%.