水滴冻结实验测量降水物中的冻结核含量

MEASUREMENTS OF ICE NUCLEI IN PRECIPITATION WATER BY DROP-FREEZING EXPERIMENTS

中文关键词:  水滴冻结  结实验装置  浸入冻结核化  冻结核浓度

英文关键词:Freezing drop experiment  Immersion-freezing nucleation  Freezingice nucleus concentration

中文摘要:

      文中介绍了一套新研制的均匀水滴冻结实验装置,实验水滴与周围环境同步冷却,其温度梯度很小,可控制降温速率,并能自动记录冻结事件,从而提高了实验的精度。用此装置对北京地区1995年底至1998年出现的各类降水样品进行了实验,由水滴冻结温度谱推算了降水的冻结核浓度温度谱,并对结果进行了分析和讨论。

英文摘要:

      A new developed device of drop-freezing experiment is described, the drops are cooled synchronously with surroundings, therefore, the temperature gradient of drops themselves is very small and the precision of experiments is improved. The cooling rate of the cold stage can be controlled and the freezing events are automatically recorded. The drop-freezing experiments have been carried out for several kinds of precipitation water which were sampled in Beijing from the end of 1995 to 1998. The freezing nucleus content calculated from spectra of freezing temperature of drops is given for each kind of precipitation, the differences among them are significant and the reasons are preliminarily discussed.