北京高空温度的统计特征

TEMPERATURE STATISTICS OF UPPER-AIR IN BEIJING

中文关键词:  气候统计  高空温度  全球增暖

英文关键词:Climatic statistics  Upper-air temperature  Globalwarming

中文摘要:

      对1961～1994年自地面至高空20hPa的温度资料进行了统计分析,以了解北京高空气温的季节变化、垂直分布和长期变化趋势。研究发现:以150hPa层为界,其上部和下部的温度变化有着不同的气候特征,如在该层以下各层上的温度年较差为正值,而其上则为负值；近30余年来,对流层下层温度显着增加,对流层上层和平流层的温度在降低,对流层温度直减率加大。

英文摘要:

      By utilizing temperature data from the surface to the 20 hPa level for 1961～1994, statistics was conducted inorder to underst anding an seasonal variation, a vertical profile and a long-term trend. The results indicate that, the climatic features of up-levels and down-levels delimting with the 150 hPa levels are different, e. g., the yearly range of temperature is positive, at down-levels lower than the 150 hPa but negative at up-levels higher than that. In last 30 years, the temperature in the lower troposphere in-creased significantly, oppositively, the temperature in both the higher troposphere and the strat osphere decreased. It leads the vertical lapse of tem perature in the troposphere has enhanced.