三维冰雹云催化数值模式

A 3 D HAIL CLOUD NUMERICAL SEEDING MODEL

中文关键词:  模式  微物理过程参数化  成核机制

英文关键词:Numerical model  Param eterization of microphy sical processes  Nucleation mechanism

中文摘要:

      为了研究冰雹形成机制、催化防雹机制和通过数值试验获得冰雹云优化催化技术,在以前工作的基础上,发展了一个3维弹性冰雹云催化数值模式。模式考虑了冰雹云中详细的微物理过程,各种粒子采用双变参数谱,将云中水物质分成水汽、云水、雨水、冰晶、雪、霰、冻滴和雹8类,可以预报粒子的比浓度和比含量,尤其可以计算以霰或冻滴为胚胎的雹块的数量,非常适合研究冰雹的形成机制。此外,建立了催化剂AgI的守恒方程,考虑了人工冰核的凝华核化及与云、雨滴接触的冻结核化过程,并用地面降雹动能通量检验催化防雹效果,因此,也可以研究催化防雹机制和对雹云的催化技术。

英文摘要:

      In order to study mechanisms of hailst one for mation and hail suppression with seeding and to obtain optim umseeding technique for hail cloud, a 3-D compressive numerical seeding model for hail cloud is developed. The water subst ance in hail cloud is divided into 8 categ ories, i. e., water vapor, cloud droplet, rain drop, ice crystal, snow, graupel, frozen drop and hail, and the detail micr ophysical processes are described in spectrum with two variable parameters and more reasonable paricle number/size distributions. Then, the model is able to predict concentration and water content of various particles. Especially, it can calcul ate number of hail stones which cores are graupel or frozen drop and apply to study mechanisms of hailst one form ation. Additionally, a conservative equation of AgI as seeding or glacigenicagent is found and nucleation by condensation of artificial nucleus, nucleation by freezing of cloud droplet or rain drop which contact with AgI particle are considered. The dynamic energy fluxo fhail shooting on ground is used to verify seeding effect. So that the model is used to study mechanisms of hail suppression with seeding and the seeding technique.