关于雹胚的研究

A STUDY OF HAIL EMBRYO

中文摘要:

      本文在研究冰雹胚胎上,不仅较有分析地提出定义雹胚的建议以及指出由于切片方法和外观观察方法的局限性可能造成的胚胎判断的错误,而且通过七个大冰雹过程所收集的269个雹块和1500张多层连续切片照片,分析了高原雹胚的类型,并研究了粒霰胚的存在。分析表明,高原雹胚主要是霰,并占雹胚的84%(其中粒霰胚占15%);冻滴胚占4%。文章应用冰晶大小和同位素氘的分析方法讨论了霰胚的生长部位,其生长环境温度为-13°-25℃,海拔高度7-9Km,而粒霰生长较一般的层霰在更高的高度,长粒霰生长在较低的高度。

英文摘要:

      In this article a definition of hail embryo is proposed, and the possible errors of judgement of the embryo due to the limitation of the method of slice test or of appearance discrimination are discussed. Based on observations of 7 hail-storms on Qinghai plateau in which 269 stones are collected and tested with 1500 photos taken, the author has analyzed different kinds of embryos on the plateau, showing the existence of multi-grain graupel embryo, and proving that hail embryo in the highland is mainly graupel, amounting to 84%,15% of which is multi-grain graupel; and 4% of hail embryo is frozen-drop. The author has also analyzed the crystal size and isotopic deuterium in discussing the condition of the development of the graupel embryo at a temperature of -13℃ to -25℃ within the altitude of 7000 to 9000 meters above sea level. It is found that at a higher level mufti-grain graupel develops quicker than the normal graupel.