东亚地区几种气象标量场的大尺度统计结构特征

THE LARGE SCALE STATISTICAL STRUCTURES OF SOME METEOROLOGICAL SCALAR FIELDS IN EAST ASIA

中文摘要:

      本文的目的,在于对东亚地区几种气象标量场的大尺度统计结构特征提供观测事实和描述。文中利用我国二十六个站1958-1960三年的探空资料,计算了500毫巴高度场、700毫巴温度场、露点场以及温度露点差场的方差、协方差、相关函数和结构函数。发现在我国高度场和温度场的协方差函数与二维各向同性假设相差甚远。湿度场的协方差函数在长江下游江淮地区以及夏半年在华北地区近似于各向同性。高度场和温度场的相关函数在35°N以北能较好地满足各向同性假定;在35°N以南,随着纬度的降低各向异性越来越明显;在长江以南相关函数的等值线系统呈椭圆形,长轴的方向和副热带急流的走向相一致。湿度场相关函数等值线系统的水平尺度比温压场的小得多,各向同性假定的适用距离也小得多,但随纬度没有明显变化。最后我们对相关函数和结构函数的观测数据用适当的数学表达式进行了拟合,用列表的形式给出了各种拟合参数。

英文摘要:

      The horizontal distributions of covariance of geopotential height and temperature are extremely inconsistent with the hypothesis of two dimensional isotropy. However, the distributions of correlation in the region on the north of 35°N fairly agree with the hypothesis of isotropy, but it becomes more nonisotropic on the south of 35°. The isoplethic patterns of correlation around the stations near the mean subtropical jet stream show a ellipses-like figure, their major axes are orientated usually along the jet stream.