利用平移气球探测北京上空晴空大气垂直扰动

OBSERVING CLEAR AIR TURBULENCE OVER PEKING BY MEANS OF CONSTANT LEVEL BALLOON

中文摘要:

      利用平移气球(或称等高气球或等压面气球)观测大气运动轨迹以及沿轨迹气象要素的分布,具有独特优点,因此在气象工作中的应用已日益广泛。目前所用的平移气球大致有两种。一种较大^[1],一般用于对流层上层和平流层,主要探测大尺度气流特征^[2-6];另一种较小,用于对流层中、低层^[6,7]。1956年我们进行了平移气球观测试验。本文将介绍我们所用气球的性能,并根据1957年和1958年观测资料对北京及附近地区对流层中下层晴天扰动进行初步分析。

英文摘要:

      The constant level balloons used to the authors were rubber balloons enclosed in silk envelopes of about 200 cm in diameter. Various properties of such a kind of constant level balloons were studied. Experimental results in the laboratory and upper air sounding data show that they are suitable for the purpose of studying clear air turbulence in the lower and middle txopos were. Five flights in the year of 1957-1958 were analysed. It seems that there exists pronounced gravity wave in deep layer of air over Peking when Pekiag is in the lee ward side of Yan Mountain range, i.e. the general air current is from around West-Northwest. There axe also some evidences for a vertical motion's periodicity of period longer than two hours.