盛夏我国东部地区热量平衡的个例计算

AN ANALYSIS OF THE HEAT BALANCE IN EAST CHINA FOR THE PERIOD OF JULY 23-26 1959

中文摘要:

      本文选取1959年7月23-26日4天正当高空副热带高压控制我国大陆时,对我国东部地区计算了能量方程中各项数值,以及各边界上的能量输送。计算表明,这个地区为能源区城,向外输送热量和水汽。至于在东、西、南、北四个边界上输送的情况有很大的差异,南界以输入为主;东界低层为输出,高层为输入。这种输送是由这个地区低空为大陆热低压,高空为副热带高压的环流特点所决定的。在热量输送中,扰动输送比平均输送为重要。在能量平衡中,支出项主要为平流输送和辐射冷却,而收入项主要是由下垫面向上输送感热和水汽潜热,大气本身的热量和水汽含量的变化在能量平衡中作用较小。湍流感热输送约为蒸发潜热输送的1.84倍。

英文摘要:

      In this paper we have computed the values of each term in the energy equation and the energy transfer through the boundaries of the region shown in fig. 1 for the period July 23-26, 1959 in East China. During this period the subtropic high pressure has extended inland to the computed region. It is found that in this period the region under consideration is an energy source from which the heat and water vapour flow outward. Through the southern boundary there is a net inflow of heat and water vapour, but at the eastern boundary there is an outflow of heat and water vapour in the lower layer and an inflow in the upper layers. In this region the energy loss was due to the effect of advection and radiation cooling, and the energy supply was due to the flux of sensible and latent heat from the surface, while the changes in heat and water vapour of the air colum played a minor role in the balance. The eddy flux of sensible heat is about 1.84 times that of the latent heat from evaporation.